Trained in classical calligraphy, the paintings of Golnaz Fathi are based on the Persian letterform, but the text is deliberately abstracted and indecipherable, although its placement across the work mirrors conventions of manuscript making- the marginal script in the present work, for exampe.Merging with the script are elements of graphic design, painting and autobiography. It therefore becomes more a mode of visual expression rather than a literal transcription. Fathi has created an imaginary language deeply rooted in Persian tradition, while she insists on not following the rules of traditional calligraphy.